⬡ Harvester
⬡ Harvester
Listings / فرصة استثمارية جنوب عمّان - كاش او اقساط - اراضي حوارة
فرصة استثمارية جنوب عمّان - كاش او اقساط - اراضي حوارة

فرصة استثمارية جنوب عمّان - كاش او اقساط - اراضي حوارة

15,000

Active

مشروع اراضي حوارة

تتبع تنظيمياً لـ محافظة عمان
(أراضي جنوب عمان )

قريبة جدا من الاراضي اللتي تنظيمها سكني،
متوفر عدة قطع ضمن مشروع ضخم.

تابعة ادارياً لـ بلدية الجيزة

منطقة حوارة حوض (مقتل الحصان)

تبعد مسافة 7 كيلو عن جسر المطار

وتبعد عن شارع الاربعين شارع مادبا (500)م

طبيعة ارض منبسطة
شوارع مُعبّدة ومُجهزة بالكامل
تتوفر جميع الخدمات
قطع اراضي بمساحة (500)م

بنظام المنفعة المشتركة (على حدود التنظيم)
وملاصقة للبناء الحديث والمشاريع الواعدة

تبدأ الأسعار نقداً بــ30 دينار للمتر المربع،
مساحة القطعة (500)م بإجمالي بـ15000د فقط

او اقساط:
دفعة 3000 دينار وقسط شهري 250 دينار اجمال القطعة 17500 دينار
او
دفعة 6000 دينار وقسط شهري 200 دينار اجمال القطعة 17500 دينار

لطفا التواصل على الوتساب قبل الساعة 5م

لا يوجد اي عمولات للمكتب العقاري

Seller: Ahmad Hasanain

First seen: 4 days ago

Last seen: 4 days ago

View Original →

Price history

Lowest 15000.00 Highest 15000.00 1 point
  • 15000.00 first seen 4 days ago
Raw Data
lat 31.689173
lng 35.836113
city عمان
specs {"AreYouOwner" => "المالك", "IsMortgaged" => "لا", "Surface_Lands" => "500 م٢", "Payment_Method" => "كاش", "ZonedFor_Lands" => "زراعية", "Nearby_locations" => "مسجد"}
payload {"cv" => nil, "job" => nil, "type" => "listing", "config" => {"loan_type" => "opensooq", "dfpPosition" => "below_ctas", "mapPosition" => "below_ai_tags", "imagesBaseUrl" => "https://opensooq-imagesv2.os-cdn.com/previews/{size}/", "videosBaseUrl" => "https://opensooq-video.os-cdn.com/previews/{size}/", "reviewsPosition" => "above_cps", "dynamicSectionsPosition" => "below_ai_tags", "isLoginBeforeCallEnabled" => true, "isMemberVerificationWidgetEnabled" => true}, "listing" => {"price" => {"prices" => [{"key" => "JOD", "price" => "15,000", "currencyId" => 10, "currencyLabel" => "دينار ", "currencyLongLabel" => "دينار أردني"}], "price_valid_until" => "2026-12-07", "askForPriceRequested" => false, "askForPriceDropStatus" => 1}, "reviews" => {"link" => "/ar/عمان/الجيزة/تقييمات", "text" => "1 تقييم", "count" => 1, "scores" => 4.3}, "starCps" => [{"icon" => "https://opensooqui2.os-cdn.com/api/apiV/android/{size}/icons/star_cps/land_area.webp", "label" => "مساحة الأرض: 500 م٢"}, {"icon" => "https://opensooqui2.os-cdn.com/api/apiV/android/{size}/icons/star_cps/zoned_for.webp", "label" => "زراعية"}]}, "commonInfo" => {"aiTags" => "$undefined", "postId" => 288316092, "contact" => {"chat" => [{"type" => "chat"}], "phone" => {"revealKey" => "2d0121aeabbb0eb352737ad5328d50ca", "phoneNumber" => "07868760XX"}, "isPhoneEnabled" => true, "isVoiceEnabled" => false, "hideContactInfo" => false}, "gallery" => {"cta" => {"askForImageRequested" => false}, "chips" => {"360Count" => 0, "imagesCount" => 10, "videosCount" => 1}, "media" => [{"id" => 1632069198, "uri" => "1b/6a/1b6ad51ccdeec2f8666024a276f42155dd9c4e9d284d7cdc1c0089f4e88650ae.png", "is360" => false, "isReels" => false, "mimeType" => "image/png", "isFloorPlan" => false, "thumbnailUri" => nil, "originalFileName" => nil}, {"id" => 1632059150, "uri" => "cb/ce/cbce6a3e7001d0b301481dbcb650bd9e333c5929d5267827f90ec107c188bee9.jpg", "is360" => false, "isReels" => false, "mimeType" => "image/jpeg", "isFloorPlan" => false, "thumbnailUri" => nil, "originalFileName" => nil}, {"id" => 1632059152, "uri" => "33/78/3378467d00e58f584180e3dbc488a1d26f42f18f930981ec9c601b8a30fe7a33.jpg", "is360" => false, "isReels" => false, "mimeType" => "image/jpeg", "isFloorPlan" => false, "thumbnailUri" => nil, "originalFileName" => nil}, {"id" => 1632059154, "uri" => "69/f4/69f464e26064cee15e56c1c982cb611ae6b2629a7fc4aacabbe96c342f671aa5.jpg", "is360" => false, "isReels" => false, "mimeType" => "image/jpeg", "isFloorPlan" => false, "thumbnailUri" => nil, "originalFileName" => nil}, {"id" => 1632059156, "uri" => "f6/26/f626b97175107d7711685ee79418f15bf6e83afd50f31d4efb585658877d7096.jpg", "is360" => false, "isReels" => false, "mimeType" => "image/jpeg", "isFloorPlan" => false, "thumbnailUri" => nil, "originalFileName" => nil}, {"id" => 1632059158, "uri" => "30/93/3093f1fad560ab175511192126720d1e5ccf44b74a1287b4c8a7b5f9359d23a2.jpg", "is360" => false, "isReels" => false, "mimeType" => "image/jpeg", "isFloorPlan" => false, "thumbnailUri" => nil, "originalFileName" => nil}, {"id" => 1632059160, "uri" => "48/3c/483c2eaf957ecafd61d255658f4c0359a589f5481dd6446de36aff555e2ea0e5.jpg", "is360" => false, "isReels" => false, "mimeType" => "image/jpeg", "isFloorPlan" => false, "thumbnailUri" => nil, "originalFileName" => nil}, {"id" => 1632059162, "uri" => "13/93/1393d3b3805a2f2777a1a3bddea0be71c14143b5505af0c8155c6b42cf6f1536.jpg", "is360" => false, "isReels" => false, "mimeType" => "image/jpeg", "isFloorPlan" => false, "thumbnailUri" => nil, "originalFileName" => nil}, {"id" => 1632059166, "uri" => "e4/1c/e41c1d2ebff6eb656c4a5072cf090b10cca47ec797637fdbc4b7e135f49cc8c7.jpg", "is360" => false, "isReels" => false, "mimeType" => "image/jpeg", "isFloorPlan" => false, "thumbnailUri" => nil, "originalFileName" => nil}, {"id" => 1632059164, "uri" => "04/cb/04cb27de2e3194f254f9fc2be1f20118021726662961ceef20b685c0a9bfeb3d.jpg", "is360" => false, "isReels" => false, "mimeType" => "image/jpeg", "isFloorPlan" => false, "thumbnailUri" => nil, "originalFileName" => nil}, {"id" => 1632060360, "uri" => "4e/eb/4eeb0e0cc02e1b15a71f313ffffd9b9add56b870.mp4", "is360" => false, "isReels" => true, "mimeType" => "video/mp4", "isFloorPlan" => false, "thumbnailUri" => "4e/eb/4eeb0e0cc02e1b15a71f313ffffd9b9add56b870.mp4.preview.jpg", "originalFileName" => nil}]}, "postMap" => {"cta" => {"label" => "عرض على الخريطة", "ctaStatus" => true}, "lat" => 31.689173, "lng" => 35.836113, "link" => "/ar/find?PostSearch[cityId]=59&PostSearch[neighborhood_id]=10980", "title" => "الجيزة, عمان", "showInHeader" => true, "instructionText" => nil}, "topTitle" => "فرصة استثمارية جنوب عمّان - كاش او اقساط - اراضي حوارة", "askSeller" => {"icon" => nil, "title" => "اسأل المعلن", "directChatEnabled" => true, "askSellerQuestions" => [{"message" => "أنا مهتم", "analyticsKey" => "r_interest"}, {"message" => "من الاخر", "analyticsKey" => "r_bargain"}], "directChatValidations" => {"messageMaxLength" => 200, "messageMinLength" => 1}}, "basicInfo" => {"sections" => [{"items" => [{"type" => "normal", "label" => "مواقع قريبة", "value" => "مسجد", "action" => {"link" => "jo/cpsearch//7713/12857/Nearby_locations:23056////////", "type" => "deeplink"}, "fieldName" => "Nearby_locations", "reporting_value_label" => "Mosque"}, {"type" => "normal", "label" => "هل العقار مرهون؟", "value" => "لا", "action" => {"link" => "jo/cpsearch//7713/12857/IsMortgaged:18409////////", "type" => "deeplink"}, "fieldName" => "IsMortgaged", "reporting_value_label" => "No"}, {"type" => "normal", "label" => "المعلن", "value" => "المالك", "action" => {"link" => "jo/cpsearch//7713/12857/AreYouOwner:18399////////", "type" => "deeplink"}, "fieldName" => "AreYouOwner", "reporting_value_label" => "Landlord"}, {"type" => "normal", "label" => "طريقة الدفع", "value" => "كاش", "action" => {"link" => "jo/cpsearch//7713/12857/Payment_Method:7513////////", "type" => "deeplink"}, "fieldName" => "Payment_Method", "reporting_value_label" => "Cash"}, {"type" => "normal", "label" => "مساحة الأرض", "value" => "500 م٢", "action" => {"link" => "jo/cpsearch//7713/12857/////////", "type" => "deeplink"}, "fieldName" => "Surface_Lands", "reporting_value_label" => "500 m2"}, {"type" => "normal", "label" => "مخصصة لـ", "value" => "زراعية", "action" => {"link" => "عقارات/أراضي-للبيع/زراعية", "type" => "url"}, "fieldName" => "ZonedFor_Lands", "reporting_value_label" => "Farm"}], "title" => "", "description" => "", "shownItemNumber" => 8}, {"items" => [{"type" => "location", "label" => "الموقع على الخريطة", "value" => "عرض على الخريطة", "action" => {"link" => "/ar/find?PostSearch[cityId]=59&PostSearch[neighborhood_id]=10980", "type" => "url"}, "key_type" => "Location", "ctaStatus" => true, "widgetPayload" => {"coordinates" => {"lat" => 31.689173, "lng" => 35.836113}}}, {"id" => 10980, "type" => "normal", "label" => "الحي", "value" => "الجيزة", "action" => {"link" => "الجيزة", "type" => "url"}, "key_type" => "Neighborhood"}, {"id" => 59, "type" => "normal", "label" => "المدينة", "value" => "عمان", "action" => {"link" => "عمان", "type" => "url"}, "key_type" => "City"}, {"id" => 12857, "type" => "normal", "label" => "القسم الفرعي", "value" => "أراضي للبيع", "action" => {"link" => "عقارات/أراضي-للبيع", "type" => "url"}, "key_type" => "SubCategory", "reporting_value_label" => "LandsForSale"}, {"id" => 7713, "type" => "normal", "label" => "القسم", "value" => "عقارات للبيع", "action" => {"link" => "عقارات/عقارات-للبيع", "type" => "url"}, "key_type" => "Category", "reporting_value_label" => "RealEstateForSale"}, {"type" => "normal", "label" => "إعلان رقم", "value" => 288316092, "action" => {"type" => "copy", "value" => 288316092}, "key_type" => "ListingCopyId"}, {"type" => "normal", "label" => "تاريخ النشر", "value" => "08-10-2026", "key_type" => "ListingPostDate"}], "title" => "", "description" => "", "shownItemNumber" => 8}], "shownRowsNumber" => 2}, "ownerData" => {"id" => 3904013, "isShop" => false, "fullName" => "Ahmad Hasanain", "ratingAvg" => 5, "isFollowed" => false, "isProBuyer" => false, "memberLink" => "/ar/mid/Dhvhjjh", "memberSince" => "28-11-2014", "phoneDetails" => {"revealKey" => "2d0121aeabbb0eb352737ad5328d50ca", "maskedPhoneNumber" => "07868760XX"}, "responseTime" => "الردّ على الدردشة خلال 13 ساعة", "profilePicture" => "https://opensooqui2.os-cdn.com/api/v/icons/misc/no_profile.webp", "numberOfRatings" => 2, "authorisedSeller" => false, "numberOfListings" => 1, "verification_tag" => nil, "verificationLevel" => 0, "showRatingAfterInteraction" => false}, "subCatUrl" => "عقارات/أراضي-للبيع", "isReported" => false, "postBadges" => {"isVip" => nil, "isTurbo" => {"icon" => nil, "label" => "مميّز تيربو"}, "isBumpup" => nil, "canExport" => nil, "isPremium" => nil, "hasDeliveryService" => nil}, "stickyItem" => [{"type" => "price", "value" => "15,000 دينار ", "isIconsEnabled" => false}, {"type" => "text", "value" => "فرصة استثمارية جنوب عمّان - كاش او اقساط - اراضي حوارة", "isIconsEnabled" => false}, {"type" => "starCps", "items" => [{"icon" => "https://opensooqui2.os-cdn.com/api/apiV/android/{size}/icons/star_cps/land_area.webp", "label" => "مساحة الأرض: 500 م٢"}, {"icon" => "https://opensooqui2.os-cdn.com/api/apiV/android/{size}/icons/star_cps/zoned_for.webp", "label" => "زراعية"}], "value" => "", "isIconsEnabled" => true}], "breadcrumbs" => "$undefined", "description" => {"tags" => [], "title" => "الوصف", "content" => "مشروع اراضي حوارة \n\n تتبع تنظيمياً لـ محافظة عمان \n(أراضي جنوب عمان )\n\nقريبة جدا من الاراضي اللتي تنظيمها سكني، \nمتوفر عدة قطع ضمن مشروع ضخم.\n\nتابعة ادارياً لـ بلدية الجيزة \n\nمنطقة حوارة حوض (مقتل الحصان)\n\n تبعد مسافة 7 كيلو عن جسر المطار \n\nوتبعد عن شارع الاربعين شارع مادبا (500)م\n\n طبيعة ارض منبسطة\nشوارع مُعبّدة ومُجهزة بالكامل \nتتوفر جميع الخدمات \nقطع اراضي بمساحة (500)م\n\nبنظام المنفعة المشتركة (على حدود التنظيم)\nوملاصقة للبناء الحديث والمشاريع الواعدة\n\nتبدأ الأسعار نقداً بــ30 دينار للمتر المربع، \n مساحة القطعة (500)م بإجمالي بـ15000د فقط\n\nاو اقساط: \nدفعة 3000 دينار وقسط شهري 250 دينار اجمال القطعة 17500 دينار \nاو \nدفعة 6000 دينار وقسط شهري 200 دينار اجمال القطعة 17500 دينار \n\nلطفا التواصل على الوتساب قبل الساعة 5م\n\nلا يوجد اي عمولات للمكتب العقاري", "maxLines" => 4, "isTitleUserInput" => false}, "isFavorites" => false, "tipsSection" => {"items" => ["اجتمع في الأماكن العامة فقط", "لا تقم بإرسال المال مسبقاً", "قم بتفقّد المنتج جيداً قبل شرائه"], "title" => "نصائح عامة"}, "translations" => {"shareText" => "شارك", "favoriteText" => "احفظ"}, "reportEnabled" => true, "shareDeeplink" => "https://opensooq.com/site/dl?requestUri=${utm}$jo/post/288316092", "listings_count" => 1444, "dynamicSections" => "$undefined", "listing_audience" => nil, "dynamicTabsSection" => "$undefined"}, "spotlights" => nil, "loggingData" => {"cps" => [{"value" => "Farm", "fieldName" => "ZonedFor_Lands"}, {"value" => "500 m2", "fieldName" => "Surface_Lands"}, {"value" => "Mosque", "fieldName" => "Nearby_locations"}, {"value" => "No", "fieldName" => "IsMortgaged"}, {"value" => "Landlord", "fieldName" => "AreYouOwner"}, {"value" => "Cash", "fieldName" => "Payment_Method"}], "cityId" => 59, "cityUrl" => "عمان", "filters" => {"filterCp" => "No", "filterMember" => "No", "filterKeyword" => "No", "filterListing" => "Yes", "filterCategory" => "No", "filterSubcategory" => "No"}, "nhoodId" => 10980, "services" => ["Turbo"], "categoryId" => 7713, "categoryUrl" => "عقارات/عقارات-للبيع", "city_labels" => {"label_ar" => "عمان", "label_en" => "Amman"}, "isListingLive" => true, "listingStatus" => "featured_turbo", "subCategoryId" => 12857, "subCategoryUrl" => "أراضي-للبيع", "userTargetType" => "free", "category_labels" => {"label_ar" => "عقارات للبيع", "label_en" => "Property For Sale"}, "cityReportingName" => "Amman", "currentPaidFeature" => "5", "subcategory_labels" => {"label_ar" => "أراضي للبيع", "label_en" => "Lands for Sale"}, "neighborhood_labels" => {"label_ar" => "الجيزة", "label_en" => "Al Jizah"}, "categoryReportingName" => "RealEstateForSale", "subCategoryReportingName" => "LandsForSale", "neighborhoodReportingName" => "Al Jizah"}, "favorites_count" => "1"}
specs_en {"AreYouOwner" => "Landlord", "IsMortgaged" => "No", "Surface_Lands" => "500 m2", "Payment_Method" => "Cash", "ZonedFor_Lands" => "Farm", "Nearby_locations" => "Mosque"}
cat1_code RealEstateForSale
cat2_code LandsForSale
raw_price 15,000
seller_id 3904013
card_price 15,000 دينار
card_title فرصة استثمارية جنوب عمّان - كاش او اقساط - اراضي حوارة
cat1_label عقارات للبيع
cat2_label أراضي للبيع
listing_id 288316092
breadcrumbs ["الأردن", "عقارات", "عقارات للبيع", "أراضي", "أراضي للبيع في عمان", "أراضي للبيع في الجيزة", "زراعية"]
spec_labels {"AreYouOwner" => "المعلن", "IsMortgaged" => "هل العقار مرهون؟", "Surface_Lands" => "مساحة الأرض", "Payment_Method" => "طريقة الدفع", "ZonedFor_Lands" => "مخصصة لـ", "Nearby_locations" => "مواقع قريبة"}
card_expires 07-12-2026
currency_key JOD
neighborhood الجيزة
phone_masked 07868760XX
serp_section 7713
inserted_date 2026-10-08
seller_rating 5
listing_status featured_turbo
seller_is_shop false
seller_listings 1
seller_member_since 28-11-2014

Use with AI

Paste this into Claude or any AI agent that can make web requests. It explains the public API — endpoints, parameters, limits — so the agent can search listings on its own. Also at /api/v1/prompt. 

You can use the Harvester listings API: a public, read-only JSON API over products
scraped from online shops (mostly Jordanian). Call it with plain HTTP GET requests.

Base URL: https://harvester.mehyar.ing/api/v1
No authentication, no API key. GET only. Every response is JSON, errors included.

## Endpoints

GET /api/v1/meta
  Describes the API itself: every endpoint and parameter, legal values, the limits,
  and live corpus statistics (how many listings and sites, the typical price range).
  Call this first — it is always current.

GET /api/v1/sites
  Every shop that has live listings: id, name, domain, status, listing_count.
  Use it to turn a shop name into a site_id.

GET /api/v1/listings
  Search and filter live listings (delisted ones are excluded). Parameters, all optional:
    q            Free-text search over title and description. Truncated to 200 characters.
                 Arabic text is matched word by word (first 8 words only) and is slower — keep it short.
    search_mode  How q matches: exact, any, all, fuzzy. Default all.
                   all   = every word must appear (narrowest)
                   any   = at least one word
                   exact = the phrase as a substring
                   fuzzy = typo-tolerant match on the title, any script
    site_id      One id or a comma-separated list (from /api/v1/sites).
    site         Substring of the shop's domain, e.g. site=opensooq. ANDed with site_id.
    category_id  One id or a comma-separated list. Ids appear on each listing.
    min_price    Inclusive lower bound on the raw price number.
    max_price    Inclusive upper bound on the raw price number.
    sort         relevance, recent, oldest, price_asc, price_desc. Default: relevance when q is given, else recent.
                 Listings without a price sort last.
    limit        Page size. Default 25, max 100 (larger values are clamped).
    offset       Rows to skip. Max 10000 (larger values are clamped).
    include      Comma-separated extra fields. Only value: raw_data (see below).
  Returns { meta: {...}, listings: [...] }. meta.returned is the row count of this page.

GET /api/v1/listings/:id
  One listing in full: untruncated description, raw_price (the original price text),
  availability, price_history, lowest/highest price seen, active, removed_at, and raw_data.
  Works for delisted listings too — check `active`.

GET /api/v1/prompt
  This text, as text/plain.

## Examples

  https://harvester.mehyar.ing/api/v1/meta
  https://harvester.mehyar.ing/api/v1/sites
  https://harvester.mehyar.ing/api/v1/listings?q=iphone&sort=price_asc&limit=10
  https://harvester.mehyar.ing/api/v1/listings?q=لابتوب&site=opensooq&max_price=400
  https://harvester.mehyar.ing/api/v1/listings?q=makita+drill&search_mode=fuzzy
  https://harvester.mehyar.ing/api/v1/listings?site=opensooq&q=تويوتا&include=raw_data&limit=20
  https://harvester.mehyar.ing/api/v1/listings/12345

## The listing object

id, title, price, currency, url, description, seller, condition, images, site {id, name,
domain, status}, category {id, name}, first_seen_at, last_seen_at.
Any field except id, title and url can be null — shops don't all publish everything.

- currency is per listing and can be null. Never compare or sum prices whose currency
  differs or is null. min_price/max_price ignore currency.
- In list responses description is cut to 400 characters and
  description_truncated is true; fetch /api/v1/listings/:id for the full text.
- This is scraped data, not a live shop. A price is what the shop showed at last_seen_at.
- site.status describes our scraper, not the data. A "broken" site's listings are still
  valid — don't filter them out.
- category is null when a listing came from a whole-catalogue scrape.
- Always give the user the listing's url; it is the real product page.

## raw_data

Everything the scraper captured that has no dedicated field. Always on
/api/v1/listings/:id; on /api/v1/listings only with include=raw_data (it is large,
so ask for it only when you need it, and prefer small pages when you do).
Its shape depends on the site. Sensitive values (e.g. phone reveal tokens) are removed.

For OpenSooq (domain jo.opensooq.com) raw_data holds:
  specs        { fieldName: value in Arabic } — the listing's real attributes.
  specs_en     { fieldName: English label } — same fields, English.
  spec_labels  { fieldName: Arabic name of the field }
  breadcrumbs  category path, e.g. ["الأردن", "سيارات ومركبات", "آليات ثقيلة", "جرافة"]
  seller_id, seller_rating, seller_listings, seller_member_since, seller_is_shop,
  phone_masked (last digits hidden), listing_id, lastmod, description_ld
  payload      the full listing object from the OpenSooq page, for anything else.

TRAP: in specs_en, numeric fields (mileage, year ranges, sizes, …) are SEARCH BUCKETS,
not values — e.g. "+200,000" for mileage. For real numbers read the same fieldName from
specs, which holds the actual value (in Arabic; digits may be Arabic-Indic or Latin).
Use specs_en only to understand what a field means. seller_is_shop is unreliable.

## Limits and errors

- Rate limit: 60 requests per 60 seconds per IP. Over it you get HTTP 429
  with a Retry-After header: stop and wait that many seconds before the next request.
- A query running over 5 seconds is cancelled with HTTP 503 code=query_too_expensive.
  Don't retry it as-is — narrow it (add site_id/category_id, fewer words, or search_mode=fuzzy).
- meta.total_estimate stops counting at 1000. If meta.total_is_capped is true, the real
  total is at least that — say "1000+", never an exact number.
- 404 = unknown id or path, 400 = malformed parameter. Error bodies are
  { error: { code, message } }; the message says what to do.

## How to work well

1. Start with /api/v1/meta (and /api/v1/sites if the user names a shop).
2. Search with q in the default mode. Nothing back? Try search_mode=any, then fuzzy —
   most misses are a typo, a synonym, or English words against Arabic titles.
3. Too much back? Narrow with site, site_id, category_id or a price bound rather than
   paging deeper. You cannot page past offset 10000.
4. Paginate politely: one request at a time, never in parallel. Use limit=100 when
   scanning and a small limit when you only need examples. Stop as soon as you have
   what you need.
5. Reuse results you already have instead of re-fetching them.